First opened in 1902 with 120 beds, Ellis Island Immigrant Hospital was intended to protect the American populace from the myriad of diseases plaguing its patients. Its capacity was expanded by 275, then another 450 to keep up with the overwhelming sea of intakes. It was the most advanced hospital of its time, with an 8 cadaver refrigerator, 4 laboratories, an autoclave so large it could sterilize entire mattresses, and an autopsy theater where visiting physicians and students could study the pathology of exotic diseases. Though not without its flaws, by most accounts treatment was humane and many recovered from their illnesses and went on to become American citizens.

It was closed after immigration policy took a xenophobic turn following World War I; it was last used as a hospital in 1930. If you would like to see more about the restoration effort or contribute to it, visit Save Ellis Island here.